In Exp. 1, the authors report an influence of temporal contiguity in stimulus exposure on later judgments of similarity. Exposure to transformational information – that is, information that ‘connects’ two similar, but perceptually distinct stimuli – was found to have no influence on later judgments of similarity. In Exp. 2, exposure to transformational information was also found not to influence later property generalization; however, exposure to within-category structure that promoted a sense of ‘surprise’ (i.e., contained clear discontinuity) led to a reduction in later property generalization between two similar, but perceptually distinct stimuli. This latter effect was confirmed in Exp. 3 while ruling out any influence of temporal factors.