‘Meryem (reportedly) missed her flight’: Cognitive Implications of the Turkish Evidential

Abstract

Two experiments with adult native users of Turkish and English speaking controls examined cognitive repercussions of obligatory grammatical marking in Turkish of directly vs. indirectly experienced events. Exp. 1 examined recall accuracy of Turkish sentences containing direct vs. indirect past tense suffix markers; equivalent sentences in English contained lexical marking of indirectness (e.g., "reportedly"). Exp. 2 examined incidental recognition memory for sentences containing direct vs. indirect experience markers. Performance in Exp. 1 was uniformly low, indicating a floor effect in sentence information recall. Exp. 2 showed significantly better recognition memory for sentences containing the direct marker vs. the indirect marker in Turkish; no such advantage was observed in English. The findings suggest that obligatory marking of directly experienced events has a privileged status in mental representation.


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