Previous studies showed reduced hemispheric asymmetry (HA) in visual tasks like face perception in bilinguals compared with monolinguals, suggesting experience in reading one or two languages could be a modulating factor. We examined whether HA differences in visual tasks can also be observed in bilinguals with different language backgrounds. We compared the behavior of three groups in a tachistoscopic English word sequential matching task: English monolinguals (alphabetic monolinguals, A-Ms), bilinguals with an alphabetic-L1 and English-L2 (alphabetic-alphabetic bilinguals, AA-Bs), and bilinguals with Chinese-L1 and English-L2 (logographic-alphabetic bilinguals, LA-Bs). The results showed AA-Bs had a stronger left hemispheric lateralization than A-Ms and LA-Bs, suggesting different language learning experiences can influence visual words processing. Our computational model could explain this effect, based on a perceptual HA theory; the modeling data suggested this difference may be due to the differences in both participants’ vocabulary size and word-to-sound mapping between alphabetic and logographic languages.